An investigation into the relationship between memorization and sight reading strategies of piano students 对于钢琴学生记忆与视奏策略关系的调查

My name(s) is Kexin Qi, and I am inviting you to take in part in my research project. I am an MA student at UCL (University College London) Institute of Education. I am currently conducting a study on the relationship between memorization and sight-reading strategies of piano students. It is hoped that through the analysis of this subject, more students can pay attention to the memorization and sight-reading and pay attention to the education of these methods in piano education. This project has been approved by my tutor Dr. Saunders and Dr. Preston on my MA programme. This is an anonymous questionnaire. Your profile will remain confidential. All data will be collected confidentially and no names or other personally identifying information will be included in my report.I very much hope that you would like to take part. (我是戚可欣,诚邀您作为问卷调查对象加入我的研究生课题。我目前就读英国伦敦大学学院音乐教育硕士学位,我现在的研究课题是关于钢琴学生选择的记谱和视读方法之间的关系。希望通过分析这个课题可以让更多学生可以关注背谱与视奏策略的选择和练习,并且在钢琴教育中可以更重视这些基础策略的教育。这个课题的研究受到我的导师Dr. Saunders以及另外一位硕士课程的老师Dr. Preston的支持。只是一个匿名的问卷调查,你的个人信息将会被保密。问卷的数据将会保密,并且您的名字或者其他的个人信息将不会出现在我的报告中。非常感谢您的参与)
Gender 性别
Male 男
Female 女
Age 年龄
A. 8~13
B. 14~17
C. 18~22
D. 23~25
E. 26~30
F. 31~35
G. over 35 years
How long have you been learning the piano? 您学习钢琴的时间有多久?
A. 0~2 years 0~2年
B. 3~5 years 3~5年
C. 6~10 years 6~10年
D. 11~20 years 11~20年
E. More than 20 years 大于20年
Which of the following categories best describe you? 下面哪项最能描述您?
Undergraduate music or music education students 音乐或音乐教育本科生
Postgraduate music or music education student 音乐或音乐教育专业研究生
Doctoral music or music education students 音乐或音乐教育专业博士
Music educator in primary school 小学音乐教育工作者
Music educator at secondary (high) school 初中及高中教育工作者
Music educator in Higher Education 高等教育音乐工作者
Professional performing pianist 专业钢琴演奏家
Other 其他
How often do you play the piano? 您练习钢琴的频率是多少?
A. 0 ~ 1 hour a day 每天少于一小时
B. More than an hour a day 每天多于一小时
C. 2~3 hours a day 两到三小时每天
D. More than 3 hours a day 超过三小时每天
E. Can not play the piano every day 无法做到每天练琴
Have you ever valued your ability of music memorization? 您是否关注过自己音乐记忆(背谱)的能力?
A. Yes, I have. And I started looking for the memorization strategies. 是的,我关注过。并且我开始寻找音乐记忆(背谱)的策略。
B. Yes, I have. But I never try to find the memorization strategies. 是的,我关注过。但是我从未想过要寻找音乐记忆(背谱)的策略。
C. No, I never valued my ability to recite music. 不,我从未关注过我的音乐记忆(背谱)技能。
Have you ever worked on your sight-reading ability? 您是否关注过自己的音乐视奏能力?
A. Yes, I have. And I tried to find some sight-reading strategies. 是的,我关注过。并且我尝试寻找一些钢琴视奏的策略。
B. Yes, I have. But I never try to find the sight-reading strategies. 是的,我关注过。但是我从未尝试寻找过音乐视奏的策略
C. No, I never valued my sight-reading ability. 没有,我从未关注过我音乐试奏的能力。
What strategies do you use most often when practicing your sight-reading? 当您在进行视奏时最常用的策略是什么?
A. Train your ability to predict notes in advance 锻炼你提前预测音符的能力
B. Analyze the structure of the music 分析音乐结构
C. Be familiar with the keyboard 熟悉钢琴键盘
D. Be familiar with the music score 熟悉乐谱(谱面的信息)
E. read through the score without playing firstly 先把乐谱通读一遍
F. Practice improvisation 练习即兴伴奏
G. Others 其他
What strategies do you use most often when practicing your memorization of the music? 在您记忆音乐(背谱)的过程中,您最常使用的是什么策略?
A. Repeat and practice many times 重复练习很多遍
B. Listen the music many times 听很多遍音乐
C. Analyze the musical structure 分析音乐结构
D. Break down difficult passages 把难背的乐段单独分开来记忆
E. Practise starting from anywhere in the piece 从一首曲子的任何部分开始进行练习
F. Memorise in different environments 在不同的环境进行记忆
G. Focus on the music rather than technique 专注于听到音乐的旋律而不是技巧
H. Practice improvisation 练习即兴创作
I. Others 其他
What is your definition of sight-reading reading? 您怎样定义您的视奏能力?
A. You can play a new piece fluently, emotionally, and accurately without any practice. 你可以演奏流畅的,有感情的并且准确的演奏一个新曲子。
B. You can play a new piece accurately, but there are some stops and very little expression. 您可以准确的演奏一个新曲子,但是可能会不那么流畅和有感情。
C. You can play a new piece fluently, emotionally, but with some wrong notes. 您可以流畅的,有感情的演奏一个新曲子,但是会有一些错音。
D. you cannot play a new piece fluently, accurately and with expression without practicing first. 您不能准确,流畅,有感情的演奏一个新曲子。
(All of the above are piano pieces at the level you can play)以上所有曲子都在您现有演奏水平的能力范围之内
What is your state of memorization of music? 您的音乐记忆状态如何?
A. When you know all the notes, you can memorize the music. 当您认出所有音符的时候,您就可以背谱演奏了。
B. After you know all the notes, it will take you two to three weeks to recite the music. 在您能熟练的演奏一首曲子后的两到三周您可以背诵一首曲子。
C. After you know all the notes, you need to spend a month or two reciting the song. 在您能熟练的演奏一首曲子后的一到两个月后,您可以背诵一首曲子。
D. Your memory sometimes fails and can interfere with your performance. 您的记忆有时会失效,会影响你的表现。
What is the biggest challenge in memorization of music? 您在记忆音乐(背谱)中遇到的最大的挑战是什么? 
A. Difficult to remember the music score. 很难记忆音符
B. Its hard to go on reciting the music if you make a mistake. 背奏过程中出现了问题很难继续演奏下去
C. The music is soon forgotten after memorizing. 很容易遗忘。
D. Unable to play memorized music with emotion. 在背谱演奏的时候没有情感(只关注对错)
E. Others 其他
How did you overcome your challenges? 您怎么克服您遇到的挑战?
A. Repeat and practice many times 重复练习很多次
B. Listen the music many times 听很多次音乐
C. Analyze the musical structure 分析音乐结构
D. Break down difficult passages 把难的部分单独分开练习
E. Practise starting from anywhere in the piece 从一首曲子的任意的地方开始背谱
F.Practice “blind play”(Close your eyes when you recite the piece of music and dont look at the keyboards) 练习盲弹(在演奏时闭上眼睛不看琴键)
G. Focus on the music rather than technique 专注于内心的音乐而不是技巧
I. Other Please explain 其他请说明
What is the biggest challenge in sight-reading? 您在视奏时遇到的最大的挑战是什么?
A. Unfamiliar with the music scores. 不熟悉音符
B. Unfamiliar with the keyboard. 不熟悉键盘
C. Cannot concentrate on hands and eyes at the same time. 不能同时兼顾眼睛(找音符)和手(找音的位置)
D. Play too many wrong notes. 出现很多错音
E. Cannot be accurate and emotional at the same time. 不能同时保证准确性而有富有情感的演奏
F. Cannot focus on the music. 无法集中注意力在音乐上
G. Other Please explain 其他请说明
How did you overcome your challenge of your sight-reading? 您是怎样克服在视奏时遇到的挑战的?
A. Familiar with the piano keyboard. 熟悉钢琴键盘
B. Familiar with the music scores. 熟悉音符
C. Keep the speed slow to ensure the accuracy of sight-reading. 保持慢速演奏以保证准确的视奏
D. Take the time to practice the sight-reading when you can concentrate best. 在您注意力最集中的时候进行视奏练习
E. Other Please explain 其他请说明
Which of the following problems have you encountered during your practice? 请问在您练习过程中您遭遇过以下哪个问题?
A. You are slow at reading the score, but when you play all the notes down, you can memorize the score very quickly.你看乐谱的速度很慢,但是当你把所有的音符都弹下来的时候,你可以很快记住乐谱
B. You can read the score quickly, but it takes a long time to memorize it.你可以快速阅读乐谱,但要记住它需要很长时间
C. Not only can you read the music quickly, but you can memorize it quickly.你不仅可以快速地读懂音乐,而且你可以快速地记住它
D. None of the above. 以上都不是
Do you think your strategy for memorizing music has changed as you have studied the piano for longer? And explain why? 您认为随着您学习钢琴时间的延长,您记忆音乐的策略是否发生了变化?并解释为什么?
A. Yes.
B. No.
Do you think your strategy for sight-reading has changed as you have studied the piano for longer? And explain why? 您认为随着您学习钢琴时间的延长,您的视奏策略是否有所改变?并解释为什么?
A. Yes
B. No
Which sight-reading strategies do you think also benefit the improvement of memory strategies?  您认为哪些视奏策略对记忆策略的改善也有帮助?
A. Understanding the music 理解音乐
C. Analysing the music structure 分析音乐结构
D. Repeating and practicing many times 大量的重复练习
E. Listening the music many times 大量的听音乐
F. Breaking down difficult passages 把难的部分单独练习
G. Other 其他
Did your piano teacher give you any memorization and sight-reading strategies during the teaching process? 在教学过程中,你的钢琴老师有没有给你一些记忆和视奏策略?
A. Yes, he taught me systematic strategies about memorization and sight-reading the music when I was just starting out. 是的,在我刚开始学钢琴的时候他教了我关于钢琴记忆和视奏的系统的策略。
B.Yes, when I meet difficulties, the teacher will give me some strategies to help me get through them.是的,当我在视奏和音乐记忆遇到困难的时候,老师会给我一些策略来帮助我解决这些困难。
C. No, he never give any strategies.不,他从没给出任何策略。

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